Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
After finishing the initial preface, the book enters into its conclusion, and the writing style is quite unique. Some may find it disturbing. The main content is as follows, and the subsequent chapters provide detailed explanations of these concepts.
1. The world is the totality of facts, not objects. It is important to note that the world is a collection of facts, not the whole of things. Reading Ludwig Wittgenstein's 'Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus' (Chapter 1) - Kira Yoshikage wants to live quietly explains that describing "What is a dog?" cannot be done using the concept of the whole of things. Instead, it should be described using the totality of facts, such as "Dogs have four legs," "Dogs have tails," and "Dogs bark." The world is defined by the totality of facts. The facts within the logical space constitute the world. When the world is disassembled, it becomes multiple facts. This allows for the application of Aristotelian syllogism. 2. Facts are constituted by several states of affairs. The concepts of situation and target are introduced. A situation is a combination of targets (matters and things). It is essential for a state of affairs to be able to be constituted by things. Within a situation, there are things that are true, and the situation includes things that are not true. Image(https://gyazo.com/f189d12fee73708ce8d03422e3b6eddb) 3. The logical image of facts is an idea. We can create the image of a state of affairs, which means we can think about it. Unthinkable things cannot exist in the logical space. For example, we can easily imagine a dog running or even a dog going to space, although it may be difficult in reality. However, there are concepts that cannot be constructed, such as "a dog becoming half" (this is a highly meta concept, and if it can be written here, it becomes something that can be thought of). Often, unthinkable states of affairs do not have any meaning in human thought. Thought is meaningful propositions. Language is the totality of propositions. Many philosophical propositions and questions are not incorrect but rather nonsense. They are based on the fact that we do not understand the logical grammar of our language. Reading Ludwig Wittgenstein's 'Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus' (Chapter 4) - Kira Yoshikage wants to live quietly explains that most of the questions and propositions philosophers have written about are nonsense. We can only confirm that they are nonsense; we cannot answer those kinds of questions. The most profound problem is not even a problem. The book concludes that all philosophy is language criticism. To overcome the confusion caused by using the same language in different styles, a symbol language with logical grammar is needed. Reading Ludwig Wittgenstein's 'Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus' (Chapter 4) - Kira Yoshikage wants to live quietly 6. Regarding things that cannot be spoken, one can only remain silent. Proposition 7, which concludes this book, does not have any auxiliary propositions. This book is closed by a beautiful and somewhat moving proposition. We must remain silent about the untellable.